Origami

Optimized Resource Integration and Global Architecture for Mobile Infrastructure for 6G

Publications

ORIGAMI adopts an Open Science model for research in order to improve the quality, efficiency, and trustworthiness of the scientific output. To achieve this, ORIGAMI will follow Open Science practices and seek prompt feedback from the scientific community. A complete list of contributions issued by the project is provided below.

Conference papers

A Longitudinal Study of 5G NSA/SA Infrastructure and User Adoption from an MNO Perspective

A. Boiano, M. Pirri, D. Madariaga, N. Chukhno, C. ZIEMLICKI, Z. Smoreda, A. E. C. Redondi, M. Fiore. IEEE INFOCOM, 2026.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.2063291910.5281/zenodo.20632919

FairRIC: Real-time Fair Allocation in O-RAN with Shared Computing

F. Aslan, J. A. Ayala-Romero, A. Garcia-Saavedra, X. Costa-Perez, G. Iosifidis. IEEE INFOCOM, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1471073410.5281/zenodo.14710734

DUNE: Distributed Inference in the User Plane

B. BÜTÜN, D. de Andres Hernandez, M. Gucciardo, M. Fiore. IEEE INFOCOM, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1471851410.5281/zenodo.14718514

An Evaluation of RAN Sustainability Strategies in Production Networks

O. E. Martínez-Durive, J. Suárez-Varela, J. A. Omaña Iglesias, A. Lutu, M. Fiore. IEEE INFOCOM, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1471838110.5281/zenodo.14718381

An Urban Geography of Mobile Application Usage: Connecting Demand Dynamics and Urban Fabrics

S. Mishra, D. Madariaga, C. ZIEMLICKI, D. Naboulsi, M. Fiore. IEEE INFOCOM, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1471834410.5281/zenodo.14718344

Towards Real-Time Intrusion Detection in P4-Programmable 5G User Plane Functions

A. T. Akem, M. Fiore. International Conference on Network Protocols, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1471805410.5281/zenodo.14718054

Ultra-Low Latency User-Plane Cyberattack Detection in SDN-based Smart Grids

A. T. Akem, M. Gucciardo, M. Fiore. ACM International Conference on Future and Sustainable Energy Systems, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1471799910.5281/zenodo.14717999

Towards 6G: Architectural Innovations and Challenges in the ORIGAMI Framework

L. E. Chatzieleftheriou, M. Gramaglia, A. Garcia Saavedra, S. Gebert, G. GARCIA AVILES, S. Geissler, M. Fiore, P. Patras, A. Lutu, D. Tsolkas, M. A. Rahman. EuCNC & 6G Summit, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1471891310.5281/zenodo.14718913

Smooth Handovers via Smoothed Online Learning

M. Kalntis, A. Lutu, J. A. Omaña Iglesias, F. Kuipers, G. Iosifidis. IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1472661510.5281/zenodo.14726615

RISENSE: Long-Range In-Band Wireless Control of Passive Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces

S. P. Deram, M. Rossanese, A. Garcia-Saavedra, S. Waqas Haider Shah, V. Sciancalepore, J. Widmer, X. Costa-Pérez. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1531159810.5281/zenodo.15311598

Demonstrating Distributed Inference in the User Plane with DUNE

B. Bütün, D. de Andres Hernandez, J. M. Aguilar Polo, M. Gucciardo, M. Fiore. EEE International Conference on Computer Communication, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1531175510.5281/zenodo.15311755

Demonstrating Deep Learning-based Spatial Diffusion

O. E. Martínez-Durive, S. Bakirtzis, C. ZIEMLICKI, M. Fiore. IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1531182710.5281/zenodo.15311827

6G Standardization Potential of the ORIGAMI Novel Architectures and Use Cases

L. E. Chatzieleftheriou, D. de Andres Hernandez, S. Bizzarri, M. Fiore, M. Fodrini, A. Garcia-Saavedra, M. Gramaglia, E. Municio, D. Tsolkas. EuCNC & 6G Summit, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1531185510.5281/zenodo.15311855

A Discrete-Time Model of the 5G New Radio Uplink Channel

S. Raffeck, S. Grøsvik, L. A. Becker, S. Lange, S. Geißler,T. Zinner, W. Kellerer, T. Hoßfeld. 36th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC 36), 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1694750410.5281/zenodo.16947504

Cooperative Streaming Inferences in IoT Networks

Mengyuan Li, G. Iosifidis, R. Venkatesha Prasad. IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), 2025.

DOIDOI10.1109/GLOBECOM52923.2024.1090143910.1109/GLOBECOM52923.2024.10901439

CHOMET: Conditional Handovers via Meta-Learning

M. Kalntis, F. A. Kuipers, G. Iosifidis. WiOpt, 2025.

DOIDOI10.48550/arXiv.2507.0758110.48550/arXiv.2507.07581

On the Dynamic Regret of Following the Regularized Leader: Optimism with History Pruning

N. Mhaisen, G. Iosifidis. Forty-Second International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1696772510.5281/zenodo.16967725

k-scale: k-Anonymizing Millions of Trajectories

PALLAS: A Data-Plane-Only Approach to Accurate Persistent Flow Detection on Programmable Switches in High-Speed Networks

W. Li, B. BÜTÜN, T. Chu, M. Fiore, P. Patras. TBA, 2025.

DOIDOI10.1109/ICNP65844.2025.1119240110.1109/ICNP65844.2025.11192401

Rethinking Network Architecture: Enabling Service-Based Design Beyond 5G

S. Bizzarri, M. Fodrini, G. Garcia-Aviles, F. Spinelli, M. Fiore, M. Gramaglia. TBA, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1769945610.5281/zenodo.17699456

CloudRIC: Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) Virtualization with Shared Heterogeneous Computing

L. Schiavo, G. Garcia-Aviles, A. Saavedra, M. Gramaglia, M. Fiore, A. Banchs, X. Costa-Perez. ACM MobiCom, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1072110810.5281/zenodo.10721108

Risk-Aware Continuous Control with Neural Contextual Bandits

J. A. Ayala-Romero, A. Garcia-Saavedra, X. Costa-Perez. AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1068658110.5281/zenodo.10686581

Mean-Field Multi-Agent Contextual Bandit for Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation in vRANs

J. A. Ayala-Romero, L. Lo Schiavo, A. Garcia-Saavedra, X. Costa-Perez. IEEE INFOCOM, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1068651310.5281/zenodo.10686513

Encrypted Traffic Classification at Line Rate in Programmable Switches with Machine Learning

A.T.-J. Akem, G. Fraysse, M. Fiore. IEEE NOMS 2024, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1112014410.5281/zenodo.11120144

A Shortcut Through the IPX: Measuring Latencies in Global Mobile Roaming with Regional Breakouts

V. Vomhoff, M. Sichermann, S. Geissler, M. Giess, A. Lutu, Tobias Hoßfeld. IEEE/IFIP TMA, 2024.

Adaptive Online Non-stochastic Control

Optimistic Online Non-stochastic Control via FTRL

CloudRIC demo: Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) Virtualization with Shared Heterogeneous Computing

L. Schiavo, G. Garcia-Aviles, A. Saavedra, M. Gramaglia, M. Fiore, A. Banchs, X. Costa-Perez. ACM MobiCom, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1388936210.5281/zenodo.13889362

Fair Resource Allocation in Virtualized O-RAN Platforms

Aslan, Fatih; Iosifidis, George; Ayala-Romero, Jose; A. Saavedra; X. Costa-Perez. ACM SIGMETRICS, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1068664610.5281/zenodo.10686646

YinYangRAN: Resource Multiplexing in GPU-Accelerated Virtualized RANs

L. Schiavo; Ayala-Romero, Jose; A. Saavedra; M. Fiore; X. Costa-Perez. IEEE INFOCOM, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1068654510.5281/zenodo.10686545

Through the Telco Lens: A Countrywide Empirical Study of Cellular Handovers

M. Kalntis, J. Suárez-Varela, J. Omaña Iglesias, A. K. Bhattacharjee, G. Iosifidis, F. A. Kuipers, A. Lutu. ACM IMC, 2024.

DOIDOI10.1145/3646547.368845210.1145/3646547.3688452

Towards Data-Driven Management of Mobile Networks through User Plane Inference

A. T. Akem, M. Fiore. IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium, 2024.

DOIDOI10.1109/NOMS59830.2024.1057565510.1109/NOMS59830.2024.10575655

Journal papers

A Comparative Analysis of Global Mobile Network Aggregators

S. Alcalá-Marín, W. Wu, A. Raman, M. BAGNULO, O. Alay, F. Bustamante, M. Fiore, A. Lutu. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, 2026.

DOIDOI10.1109/TNSM.2025.358208910.1109/TNSM.2025.3582089

Fact-Checking 5G Security: Bridging the Gap Between Expectations and Reality

Lasierra, O.; Ludant, N.; Garcia Aviles, G.; Municio, E.; Noubir, G.; Skarmeta Gómez, A.; Costa-Pérez, X.. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1674408110.5281/zenodo.16744081

AZTEC+: Long and Short Term Resource Provisioning for Zero-Touch Network Management

Alcalá-Marín, S.; Bega, D.; Gramaglia, M.; Banchs, A.; Costa-Pérez, X.; Fiore, M.. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1567242810.5281/zenodo.15672428

AegisRAN: A Fair and Energy-Efficient Computing Resource Allocation Framework for vRANs

Sanchez Hidalgo, E.; Ayala-Romero, J. A.; Salvat Lozano, X.; Saavedra, A. G.; Costa-Perez, X.. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1547323610.5281/zenodo.15473236

O-RAN Intelligence Orchestration Framework for Quality-Driven Xapp Deployment and Sharing

F. Mungari, C. Puligheddu, A. Saavedra, C. Chiasserini. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1472348510.5281/zenodo.14723485

Practical and General-Purpose Flow-Level Inference with Random Forests in Programmable Switches

A.T.-J. Akem, B. Bütün, M. Gucciardo, M. Fiore. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 2025.

DOIDOI10.1109/TON.2025.356446510.1109/TON.2025.3564465

Minimization of the Training Makespan in Hybrid Federated Split Learning

J. Tirana, D. Tsigkari, G. Iosifidis, D. Chatzopoulos. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2025.

DOIDOI10.1109/TMC.2025.353303310.1109/TMC.2025.3533033

Quantum Computing in the RAN with Qu4Fec: Closing Gaps Towards Quantum-based FEC processors

N. Apostolakis, M. Sierra-Obea, M. Gramaglia, J. Ayala-Romero, A. Garcia Saavedra, M. Fiore, A. Banchs, X. Costa-Pérez. TBA, 2025.

DOIDOI10.1145/372712810.1145/3727128

Real-Time Encrypted Traffic Classification in Programmable Networks with P4 and Machine Learning

A. Akem, G. Fraysse, M. Fiore. TBA, 2025.

DOIDOI10.1002/nem.232010.1002/nem.2320

ATELIER: service tailored and limited-trust network analytics using cooperative learning

Milani, Mattia; Bega, Dario; Gramaglia, Marco; Serrano, Pablo; Mannweiler, Christian. IEEE OJCOMS, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1119876310.5281/zenodo.11198763

Enabling Beyond-Visual-Line-of-Sight Drones Operation over Open RAN 5G Networks with Slicing

Baguer, Pau; E. Municio; Garcia-Aviles, Gines; Costa-Pérez, Xavier. IEEE OJCOMS, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1277149610.5281/zenodo.12771496

Attacking O-RAN Interfaces: Threat Modeling, Analysis and Practical Experimentation

Baguer, Pau; Yilma, Girma M.; E. Municio; Garcia-Aviles, Gines; A. Saavedra; Liebsch, Marco; Costa-Pérez, Xavier. IEEE OJCOMS, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1277158210.5281/zenodo.12771582

Design and validation of scalable reconfigurable intelligent surfaces

Rossanese, Marco; A. Saavedra; Mursia, Placido; Sciancalepore, Vincenzo; Asadi, Arash; X. Costa-Perez. Elsevier Computer Networks, 241, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1140063210.5281/zenodo.11400632

Adaptive Resource Allocation for Virtualized Base Stations in O-RAN with Online Learning

M. Kalntis; G. Iosifidis; F. A. Kuipers. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2024.

DOIDOI10.1109/TCOMM.2024.346156910.1109/TCOMM.2024.3461569

Preprints

Conflict Mitigation of xApps and Interoperability of O-RAN Components: The ORIGAMI Approach

A. Rahman, A. Duque, N. Chukhno, N. Bartosz, M. Gramaglia, A. Garcia-Saavedra. TBA, 2026.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.2059357310.5281/zenodo.20593573

An ORIGAMI Use-Case Validation via 6G-SANDBOX Experimentation

D. Markudova, V. Vomhoff, S. Geissler, M. Pagin, S. Gebert, A. Torrealba Ferrer, D. Tsolkas, P. Herrera Diaz, A. Garcia-Saavedra, A. Lutu. TBA, 2026.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.2059346810.5281/zenodo.20593468

Meta-Learning-Based Service-Aware User Associations: An ORIGAMI Approach

M. Kalntis, A. Garcia-Saavedra, A. Lutu, G. Iosifidis. TBA, 2026.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.2059333010.5281/zenodo.20593330

The TES framework: Joint Statistical Modeling and Machine Learning for Network KPI Forecasting

L. Lo Schiavo, G. Garcia, M. Gramaglia, M. Fiore, A. BANCHS, X. Costa-Pérez. TBA, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1752081410.5281/zenodo.17520814

Faro: a scalable and reliable outage detection algorithm for IoT Mobile Virtual Network Aggregators

M. Milani, V. Vomhoff, D. Bega, M. Gramaglia, S. Geissler, K. Carsai, P. Serrano. TBA, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1724936010.5281/zenodo.17249360

Kairos: Energy-Efficient Radio Unit Control for O-RAN via Advanced Sleep Modes

Parameterizing 5G New Radio: A Comparative Measurement Study on Throughput and Delay

S. Raffeck, S. Grøsvik, S. Lange, T. Hoßfeld, T. Zinner, S. Geißler. TBA, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1472462010.5281/zenodo.14724620

Posters

Modeling Base Station Metadata Geolocation

O. Martínez-Durive, S. Bakirtzis, C. ZIEMLICKI, M. Fiore. TBA, 2025.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1770002610.5281/zenodo.17700026

A Service Mesh Platform for the Mobile Network Core

Presentations

Measurement-based Research, Sustainability and Research Data Management

Other publications

Learning to Learn How to Manage Network Resources with Loss Function Meta-Learning

A. Collett, A. Bazco Nogueras, A. BANCHS, M. Fiore. TBA, 2024.

DOIDOI10.5281/zenodo.1471809510.5281/zenodo.14718095